
之前同学们和Sofia老师一起了解到了论文写作如何去避免剽窃的行为,提到了避免剽窃行为的两个方法,summarising和paraphrasing,paraphrasing之前已经介绍过,有些遗忘了的同学们可以点击下面的链接前往往期文章进行回顾。今天Sofia老师就带领大家来一起认识一下summarising!
What is Summarising
Summarisng是一种常见的论文写作方法,与paraphrasing一样,它需要同学们用自己的话去总结引用的论文部分。为避免被认为剽窃,在论文写作中,用到summarising也需要标明出处。
How to summarize
使用summarising这个方法需要同学结合自己的阅读笔记:

1. 仔细阅读原文,检查是否有任何新的或困难的词汇。
2. 通过下划线或highlight来标记关键点。
3. 记录下原文关键要点,尽可能进行转述到笔记上。
4. 从自己的笔记中写下总结,如果需要的话,可以重新组织原文结构。
5. 检查自己写出来的summarising,确保其信息准确,没有任何重要的内容被更改或丢失。
6. 标明引用文本的出处。
Example 1:使用总结引用一段文本
'... in order to learn consumers' views on beauty, Dove surveyed girls and women in the United Kingdom, Canada, and the United States. Some of the results were disturbing; for example, in Britain, more than half of those surveyed said their bodies "disgusted" them. Six out of ten girls believed they would be happier if they were thinner, but actually fewer than two out of ten were in fact overweight. Apparently, fashion's images of artificially curvaceous models and celebrities had wreaked not a little havoc on young self-concepts.'('...为了了解消费者对美的看法,多芬对英国、加拿大和美国的女孩和女性进行了调查。一些结果令人不安;例如,在英国,超过一半的受访者表示他们的身体“厌恶”他们。十分之六的女孩认为,如果她们更瘦,她们会更快乐,但实际上只有不到十分之二的女孩实际上超重。显然,时尚界塑造的人造曲线模特和名人形象对年轻人的自我概念造成了不小的破坏。)
Summarising 1:
The results of a recent survey by Dove of girls and women in Britain indicated that many of the younger respondants had negative attitudes to their bodies and wanted to be thinner, even though a large proportion of them were not overweight (Rath, Bay, Petrizzi & Gill 2008, p. 139).(Dove最近对英国的女孩和妇女进行了一项调查,结果显示,许多年轻的受访者对自己的身体持消极态度,想要变瘦,尽管其中很大一部分人并不超重(Rath, Bay, Petrizzi & Gill 2008, p. 139))
Summarising 2:
Rath, Bay, Petrizzi and Gill (2008, p. 139) report that the results of a survey by Dove of young girls and women in Britain indicate that many young girls have false ideas about whether they are overweight or not. (Rath, Bay, Petrizzi and Gill (2008, p. 139)报告说,Dove对英国年轻女孩和妇女的调查结果表明,许多年轻女孩对他们是否超重有错误的想法。)
Example 2:使用总结引用一本书
The Nazis attempted to control fashions in order to communicate a wide range of propoganda messages (Guenther 2004)(纳粹试图控制时尚以传播广泛的宣传信息(Guenther 2004)。)
总的来说,为了避免出现论文抄袭的情况,同学们一定要学会合理运用summarising和paraphrasing这两种方法。
更多论文写作技巧请咨询张老师!
